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На русский язык данный оборот переводится придаточным предложением с союзами так как, после того как, если, когда. Если оборот стоит в конце предложения, то переводим его самостоятельным предложением с союзами а, причём, в то время как. Например: The weather being fine, we went for a walk. – Так как погода была хорошая, мы отправились на прогулку. My mother was cooking dinner, my sister helping her. – Моя мама готовила обед, а сестра помогала ей. ^ Exercise 1. Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания. a) a smiling girl, playing children, a writing boy, a falling tree, a laughing baby, a sleeping man, a walking couple, reading audience, a running sportsman, a developing country, a crying child, a burning house. b) a broken cup, a translated text, an unanswered letter, an opened window, a closed door, an occupied room, a written letter, a fallen tree, a discussed problem, produced goods, a cooked dinner, a surprised man, lighted windows, a developed country. Exercise 2. Определите форму и функцию причастия в следующих предложениях. Переведите их на русский язык.
Exercise 3. Преобразуйте предложения, употребив причастия в функции определения. Образец: The man who is reading a book is my father. - The man reading a book is my father.
Exercise 4. Преобразуйте предложения, употребив причастия в функции обстоятельства времени, причины. Образец: As he was busy he refused an invitation. – Being busy he refused an invitation.
Exercise 5. Объедините следующие предложения, употребив нужную форму причастия. Образец: He was ill. He had to stay at home. – Being ill he had to stay at home.
Exercise 6. Употребите следующие пословицы в кратких ситуациях.
Exercise 7. Употребите одну из форм причастия, герундия и инфинитива. a) 1) (be) a foreigner she couldn’t get accustomed to our life for a long time.
b) 1) I am sorry for (be late). 2) I enjoy (spend) my week-ends on the bank of the river near the forest (gather) berries and mushrooms.
c) 1) (read) English books in the original is a real pleasure for me. 2) My aim is (graduate) from the University successfully and (become) a good specialist. 3) (pass) the exams well I have (work) hard during the term.
d) 1) I wish (see) the manager. 2) It’s no use (wait). 3) I’m looking forward to (see) you. 4) Don’t forget (lock) the door before (go) to bed. 5) My mother told me (not, speak) to anyone about it. 6) He tried (explain) but she didn’t want (listen). 7) Would you mind (show) me how the lift works? 8) I’m beginning (understand) what you mean. 9) The boys like (play) tennis but hate (do) lessons. 10) He surprised us all by (go) away without (say) “Good-bye”. 11) Please, go on (write), I don’t mind (wait). 12) The doctor advised him (give up) (smoke). 13) I prefer (drive) to (be driven). 14) I advise you (start) (look) for a flat at once. 15) After (discuss) the matter for an hour the committee left without (reach) any decision. 16) Most people prefer (spend) money to (earn) it. 17) It’s not good for children (eat) too many sweets. Exercise 8. Употребите одну из неличных форм: инфинитив, герундий или причастие.
Exercise 9. Подчеркните и определите конструкции с неличными формами глагола. Переведите предложения.
Контрольная работа № 4. 1. Прочитайте текст о Кирове и переведите его. 2. Выполните следующие задания тексту:
The city of Kirov is the center of the Kirov region. The Kirov region is in the South-West of Moscow. The climate is continental. The region is rich in oil. The region consists of 39 districts. Kirov is old and modern at the same time. It was founded in 1374 on the banks of the Volga river. First it was called Vyatka, then Khlynov, and then it was given a new name Kirov. They say the town stands on 7 hills. The population of Kirov is rather large. Over 600 million inhabitants live in Kirov. The town is devided into 4 residential areas. There are few fashionable buildings, shops, restaurants and offices in the town. And in the streets you can see many old buildings. Kirov is an important industrial and economic center. There are no industrial enterprises in Kirov. Kirov is a scientific and educational center. Kirov cannot be called a cultural center. Kirov has a lot of places of interests.
The most beautiful streets in Kirov are… The longest… The oldest… The heart of the city is… Such brunches of industry as… Such machine-building enterprises as… The most famous educational establishments are… Kirov is a great cultural center, because there are many… Cinema-lovers may go to… Children can visit… Music-lovers may listen to… The art-lovers may go to… Kirov has many places of interests. They are… One can also buy souveniers: …
What city is the center of the Kirov region? Where is the Kirov region situated? What is the climate in the Kirov region? What is the region rich in? Is the region large or small? Prove it. When was Kirov founded? What was its ancient name? What is the population of Kirov? How many residential areas are there in Kirov? What are the most beautiful streets in Kirov? What brunches of industry are highly-developed in Kirov? Why is Kirov the town of students? What are the most famous educational establishments in Kirov? Why is Kirov a great cultural center? What places of interests do you know in Kirov?
План. I. Вступление.
IV. Киров сегодня. (is situated; 7 hills; population; inhabitants; the longest; the oldest; 4 residential areas; the most beautiful) V. Киров – важный промышленный центр. (brunches of industry; such enterprises as; there are many) VI. Киров – научный центр. (there are many; a town of students; the most famous) VII. Киров – культурный центр. (there are many; popular with the Kirovites; cinema-lovers; children; those who are fond of music; art-lovers) VIII. Достопримечательности. IX. Заключение. Ваше личное отношение к этому городу. Обоснуйте. 3. Выучите слова по теме «Моя будущая профессия» 4. Прочитайте и переведите рассказы некоторых людей о том, как они делали свой выбор и выполните следующие задания по текстам: 1. Согласитесь или опровергните:
1. to become a teacher. 2. to become a doctor. 3. to become a shop-assistant.
1. came true. 2. will never come true. 3. will come true soon.
1. wants Ann to become a shop-assistant. 2. wants Ann to become a teacher. 3. wants Ann to become a manager, a lawyer or an accountant
1. made her enter the University. 2. suggested her to enter the University. 3. advised her to enter the University.
1. with pleasure. 2. without pleasure.
1. parents should decide for their children, what occupation to choose. 2. every person must make his own choice.
6. Прочитайте текст “ Manager’s Duties”/ “Accounting”/ “My Future Profession – a lawyer” (в зависимости от специальности), переведите его, выпишите и выучите новые слова. 7. Прочитайте текст «The Pope and The Price of Fish» (для студентов экономических специальностей) или «Crime Will Be Out Sooner or Later» (для студентов специальности «Правоведение») и перескажите его по плану (см. план в предыдущих контрольных работах) 8. Повторите грамматику и выполните следующий тест: 1. Замените формы действительного залога формами страдательного.
2. Исправьте ошибки, обращая особое внимание на формы страдательного залога. 1. Moscow situated on the Moskva river. 2. This city is divide into 3 residential areas.
3. Преобразуйте в косвенную речь. Соблюдайте правила согласования времён там, где это необходимо. 1. The teacher said: “We shall study the new topic”. 2. My mother often says: “You must do everything in time”. 3. The child says to his mother: “ I am hungry. Give me something to eat”. 4. He said: “This question was discussed yesterday”. 5. She said: “Don’t watch TV till late at night”. 6. She says: “Has the home task been done?” 7. My friend asked me: “Why did you enter this college?” 8. He said: “This house was built 5 years ago”. 9. She answered: “I am busy now. I am reading the newspaper.” 10.He asks: “What have you cooked for breakfast?” 4. Вместо пропусков поставьте необходимый модальный глагол.
5. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в нужную временную форму действительного или страдательного залога. 1. I (to meet) him yesterday. He said, he (to visit) England the year before. He promised, he (to show) the pictures soon. 2. – What you (to write) now? It (to be) a composition? - No! The composition (to write) already. And I (to write) a letter now. I (to ask) by the teacher yesterday to write it. 3. – You (to solve) the problem? - No, they said, the problem (to solve) by the following Monday. 4. – When I (to come), you (to read) the book. Now you (to read) it again. You always (to read) so much? - No, usually I (not to read) so much. But this book (to be) very interesting. I (to read) it since early morning. 5. –Where (to be) the newspaper? I can’t find it. - It (to read) by your father now. But I (to think), he (to finish) soon, because he (to read) it for 2 hours already. 6. Willy (to ask) by the teacher tomorrow. 7. The homework (to do) by 5 p.m. tomorrow? 6. Choose the right variant: 1. What … at 5 p.m. yesterday? a) did you do; b) did you doing; c) were you doing; 2. I … my homework. a) didn’t done; b) done; c) have done; 3. My brother … the University next year. a) shan’t enter; b) won’t enter; c) enter;
a) have been reading; b) read; c) was reading;
a) washed, watered; b) wash, water; c) am washing, is watering;
a) shall have; b) had; c) have;
a) are ready; b) will be ready; c) ready;
a) go; b) didn’t go; c) didn’t went;
a) have bought; b) was buying; c) bought;
a) dance; b) are dancing; c) were dancing;
a) Did you get up; b) Did you got up; c) You got up;
a) bought; b) will buy; c) had bought;
a) will; b) would; c) had;
a) gave; b) had given; c) was given;
a) will return; b) would have returned; c) will have returned;
a) should; b) shoulded; c) shall;
a) tomorrow; b) the next year;
a) She asked to give ; b) She asked, give c) She asked that give the book.; the book.; the book.;
a) if; b) that; c) what.
a) cannot open; b) couldn’t open; c) may not;
a) should; b) have to; c) are to;
a) have; b) is; c) should;
a) will can; b) will be allowed; c) will be able;
a) can; b) could; c) may;
a) can; b) could; c) may;
a) loves; b) is loved; c) is been loved;
a) was packed; b) is been packed; c) is being packed;
a) were found; b) are being found; c) been found;
a) is studied; b) has been studied; c) has studied;
a) will been published; b) will have published; c) will have been published; 7. Задайте вопросы к предложениям.
8. Переведите предложения, обращая особое внимание на инфинитивные конструкции.
9. Измените данные предложения, используя инфинитивные конструкции. 1) They say he was taken to prison. 2) They believe he is right. 3) Many old people prefer that their flats should be on the ground and first floors. 4) We waited when the teacher would come. 5) It seems that he doesn’t know the truth.
10) The children want to play hide-and-seek in our garden; my grandmother doesn’t wish to let them do it. 10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя инфинитивные обороты.
11. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в форме герундия. 1) We regret his (to remove) to another plant. Мы сожалеем, что его перевели на другой завод. 2) They ignored our (to criticize) them. Они проигнорировали то, что мы их критиковали. 3) I remember (to ask) about it. Я помню, что меня спрашивали об этом. 4) He left without (to see) the director. Он ушёл, не увидев директора. 5) His (to know) English well helped him in his work. Его хорошее знание английского помогло ему в работе. 6) I remember (to ask) you about it. Я помню, что спрашивал вас об этом. 7) She couldn’t help (to laugh). Она не могла не рассмеяться. 8) He was proud of his (to meet) this famous writer before. Он гордился тем, что встречал этого известного писателя раньше. 9) I remembered his (to award) an order some months before. Я вспомнил, что его наградили орденом несколько месяцев тому назад. 10) This event prevented his (to arrive) in time. Это событие помешало ему прибыть во время. 12. Переведите на русский язык.
13. Переведите предложения, обращая особое внимание на инфинитивные, причастные и герундиальные обороты.
14. Измените предложения, используя инфинитивные, причастные и герундиальные обороты.
^ Задания на зачёте: 1) контрольная работа № 4 и её защита; 2) монолог по одной из пройденных тем (за весь курс обучения); 3) работа с профессионально-ориентированным текстом (чтение и перевод абзаца, пересказ с элементами реферирования, объяснение грамматических явлений в тексте). Литература
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